Silver is highly reflective in visible and near-infrared range. Also dielectric mirrors have higher reflectivity for a narrow range of wavelengths. Aluminized Kapton or aluminized Mylar are used for higher reflectivity to withstand conditions in space. Radiation pressure are a force exerted by electromagnetic radiation on a surface because the transfer of momentum by photons when radiation is reflected, as the momentum of the photons is reversed, resulting in a greater force on the reflective surface.

Dipole magnetic fields deflects charged particles such as alpha rays, beta rays, and solar wind by the Lorentz effect using either an electromagnet that is a current-carrying loop or coil, or a permanent magnet